Connect with us

Black History

Esteban: Enslaved African Became an Early Explorer of the New World

In 1534, Esteban and the four remaining survivors escaped. As the journey continued, he would become a scout, a diplomat and lead communicator. According to historians, Esteban was a gifted linguist, quickly mastering different Native American languages. He served as translator throughout what became a 15,000-mile journey.

Published

on

Depiction of Esteban courtesy of thinkafrica.net

The year 1619 is historical: An English privateer ship reached Point Comfort on the Virginia peninsula. Its arrival represented the dawn of the institution of slavery in America. Today, more than 400 years later, the events of that year remain surrounded by misconceptions and debate.

What historians have uncovered is that the first enslaved African to land on what would become North American soil was named Esteban (de Dorantes from his status as an enslaved person). According to historian Robert Goodwin, “Esteban was shipped to Spain as a slave from the town of Azemmour, in Morocco, in 1522. Andres Dorantes de Carranza purchased him and brought Esteban to [what would later become] Florida in April 1528.”

Long before the Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804–1806), Esteban, said to have been Muslim and born sometime around 1500 in Morocco, would traverse the land from the Southwest to the Pacific Ocean. His fate would extend beyond servitude and little of his life would be recorded.

Esteban left Spain for the New World in 1527 as part of an expedition to conquer and colonize Florida. The ship landed in the area that is now Tampa Bay, and the explorers wandered through the swamps and jungles for about a year. Several died as a result of hunger, disease, and skirmishes with Native Americans. With only a few boats left, they decided to return to Mexico City.
Hit hard by the Gulf currents, only 15 of the 80 men survived. Choppy waters dragged them to a place just west of the Mississippi: Galveston Island. They began to explore what would become Texas. Soon they were captured and enslaved for five years by the Karankawa Indians.

In 1534, Esteban and the four remaining survivors escaped. As the journey continued, he would become a scout, a diplomat and lead communicator. According to historians, Esteban was a gifted linguist, quickly mastering different Native American languages. He served as translator throughout what became a 15,000-mile journey.

Still, he was considered Dorantes’ slave.

The trek across Texas to Mexico City was challenging; the explorers were met by both friendly and hostile Native Americans. They were mostly barefoot and naked, and often starved for food. One of the stories told is that along the way they were considered “children of the sun” by some Native American tribes. Others revered them as shamans. But not everyone was fond of the strangers.

The Zuni Indians of Hawikuh in New Mexico grew to distrust Esteban quickly, labeling him a “harbinger of unwanted and dangerous visitors.” In May 1539, they executed him. By the time of his death, some historians say that Esteban and his three companions “had seen more of the North American southwest than any other non-Native American.”

Almost two centuries would pass before another Spanish expedition would discover other Africans living alongside Native Americans near the mouth of the Rio Grande. Historians say that these Africans were likely survivors of other expeditions or shipwrecks. Nevertheless, Esteban had been the first.

Black History

Practitioners of African Traditional Spirituality Offer Ancestral Reverence Ritual Oct. 31

The Council for Global Ancestral Reverence will host “Ancestral Souls Rising” from Oct. 31 to Nov. 2, featuring a three-day gathering of prayer and discussion. Led by elders and priests across the African diaspora, the seventh annual ritual honors those lost without traditional rites while addressing current social challenges. This year’s event connects ancestral wisdom with contemporary issues, including a two-day conversation inspired by Afro-Beat music focused on Black community solidarity and the sacred importance of voting. Read more for details on the ritual schedule and participants.

Published

on

Oakland native Nedra Williams writes sacred symbols on the ground in San Leandro. Courtesy photo.

The Council for Global Ancestral Reverence (C4GAR), a group of elders who practice African traditional spirituality, will lead a three-day gathering of prayer and discussion from Oct. 31-Nov. 2.

Called ‘Ancestral Souls Rising,’ the council members and 21 priests will lead the prayers from many parts of the African diaspora: Africa, Portugal, and across the U.S. from Maryland to the Bay Area.

Now in its seventh year, the annual ritual began during the 2020 pandemic when hundreds of thousands of people died alone and were buried in mass graves without rites and rituals according to loved ones’ traditions.

This prayer event was and is intended to give peace to the departed and comfort for the living who still mourn. Each year, we gather names of new ancestors from living elders to elevate them into the “Great Hall of the Titans.”

In ensuing years, C4GAR added themes to the prayer gathering that referenced current events. In 2024, before the consequential presidential election, C4GAR called on people to vote, invoking the memory of Civil Rights Movement heroes and heroines like John Lewis, who urged “Good Trouble,” and Fannie Lou Hamer, who famously declared that she was “sick and tired of being sick and tired.”

The day of global Prayer on Oct. 31 will be followed by a two-day conversation inspired by “The Blueprint,” an Afro-Beat song by UyiosaEl, to write our new blueprint that supports solidarity and action in the Black community.

 “Our elders have, for many generations, known the power of prayer, ritual and breath,” the council said in a statement.

It was and is their intention, then, to use the cultural wisdom, the gift of prayer “and the most sacred thing we have, our breath, to send energy into the world that invokes and honors our ancestors,” the council statement continued.

“Doing this creates a vibration that protects us and employs their ancient wisdom for the well-being of our communities,” the elders said.

The councilmembers, all over the age of 60, recognize that what is now history for so many was once their lived experience. And that history, those joys and sorrows, are now in their bodies.

To them, the uttered prayer and the sacred breath are oaths to an unfolding future that people can still shape.

The council members are Dr. Iyabeji Cathy Royal, Iyalocha Jennifer Dillard, Manbo Charlene Desir (Florida), Nana Sula Spirit (Louisiana), Baba Obafemi Feyemi, Ohen Nedra T. Williams, and Iyalocha Wanda Ravernell-Stewart Emeritus (Oakland).

This year, they also encourage everyone within their reach to VOTE because it is not only a secular and political act, but a sacred one. Remember, the ancestors were denied that right and died for it.

For tickets, go to:

https://www.eventbrite.com/e/council-for-global-ancestral-reverence-presents-ancestral-souls-rising-26-tickets-2003127345814?aff=oddtdtcreator

Continue Reading

Activism

Oakland Post: Week of October 14 – 20, 2026

Oakland Post: Week of October 14 – 20, 2026

Published

on

To enlarge your view of this issue, use the slider, magnifying glass icon or full page icon in the lower right corner of the browser window.

Continue Reading

Black History

OP-ED: The Black Church Writes AI’s Next Chapter

BLACKPRESSUSA NEWSWIRE — I implore my fellow faith leaders to use these tools. Start now and use them with wisdom. We count on each and every one of you to make sure our communities help write the next chapter of this story. This rapid change is not as unfamiliar as it may sound. My first understanding of AI came from using a calculator for the first time in grade school. We did not call it AI, but it was a tool that helped me work through mathematical equations hours more efficiently.

Published

on

Photo: iStockphoto / NNPA

For generations, the Black church has stood strong in our communities through every historical change this country has experienced. During the civil rights movement and in recent times, faith leaders have helped uplift Black sanctuaries to register voters, keep food pantries open for people in need, and sit with families in hospital rooms in their most desperate moments. When our people faced new trials, they could always look to our faith leaders and the church to lean in to help us be included in these transformative changes.

Artificial intelligence is the latest revolutionary change to impact our society, and much like other transformations before us, underserved communities often get left behind.

I was recently featured in a report entitled “Faith, Community & AI” and it found that people send ChatGPT more than 70 million messages a week about religion. Nearly 22 million involve studying sacred texts, and 16 million ask about religious practices and holy days. Our members make up part of those numbers. They bring questions of faith to these tools every day.

Pastors have noticed, and according to a September 2025 Lifeway Research survey of 1,003 Protestant pastors, 42 percent said they use or experiment with AI in ministry. I count myself among them.

I write my sermons by hand, through prayer and study. When I finish a draft, I ask ChatGPT this question: “Where might this sermon become unclear or difficult to follow for someone early in their walk of faith?” It shows me gaps in my preparation, like where I incorrectly assumed everyone would know the context of who the Pharisees were. Then, change comes from my own pen, not the robot. The tool helps me reach the person in the back pew while the message still comes from me.

If I could have my wish, our whole community would take a similar posture. We must use these tools, understand them, and most importantly be present to help shape them if we want to be included in the coming change.

I implore my fellow faith leaders to use these tools. Start now and use them with wisdom. We count on each and every one of you to make sure our communities help write the next chapter of this story. This rapid change is not as unfamiliar as it may sound. My first understanding of AI came from using a calculator for the first time in grade school. We did not call it AI, but it was a tool that helped me work through mathematical equations hours more efficiently.

It starts with training; there is no involvement without understanding. Free AI trainings have begun in our churches and community centers across the nation. Every faith leader should sign up and, when possible, encourage members of your congregations to join you. By learning how to use AI, we can better understand what it can do, make up our own minds about its impact, and have a say in how it shapes our communities.”

Next, we must be at the tables where the builders of these tools make decisions. Presence is the first step toward understanding, and that gap is only bridged through a coordinated effort. How can any tool serve a community well if that community is not part of the conversation? Our traditions, needs, and concerns must be accounted for, and Black faith leaders are already making that happen. OpenAI’s recent Faith report states plainly that AI should never become an arbiter of religious truth. I fully intend to hold the company to its word, and the most effective way I can do that is from inside.

I will close with this––we must diligently protect what only the church can give. A believer in Seoul, Korea quoted in the report warned, “if you pour every struggle into a private chat, your pastor and your friends may never learn you need help.” A chatbot will not sit with a grieving family or pray with you at two in the morning. As we adopt this technology, it is up to us to ensure it keeps people connected to each other and to their church.

Rev. Dr. Adolphus Lacey is senior pastor of Bethany Baptist Church in Brooklyn, New York.



Continue Reading

Subscribe to receive news and updates from the Oakland Post

CHECK OUT THE LATEST ISSUE OF THE OAKLAND POST

ADVERTISEMENT

Facebook

Parents, students, and teachers fought to save Roots International Academy, an East Oakland middle school that was closed in 2019 despite broad community opposition. Photo courtesy of Oakland North.
Community1 month ago

Misnamed ‘Parent’ PAC Seeks to Influence Oakland School Board Elections

Democrat Xavier Becerra and Republican Steve Hilton.
Economy4 weeks ago

Poll: Becerra Widens His Lead Over Hilton; Californians Split on Wealth Tax

Activism1 month ago

Oakland Post: Week of September 9 – 15, 2026

Antoinette Stewart-Eneh.
Black History3 weeks ago

Listening as a Lifeline: A Doula’s Witness to Black Maternal Health

ACOE Supt. Alysse Castro; OUSD Supt. Dr. Denise Saddler. File photos.
Business4 weeks ago

County Office of Education Says OUSD Finances Are Getting Healthier, Materially Stronger

One of the tiny houses for unhoused Richmond youth. Courtesy photo.
Community1 month ago

Richmond Tiny House Village Farm & Garden Set to Open Gates on Sept. 26

Business1 month ago

Mayor Lee Announces $1 Million Kaiser Permanente Grant for Pilot Program to Address Homelessness, Clean Up Public Spaces throughout Oakland

Pierre Damas Bel; 1.5 million people in Haiti are internally displaced by violence and more than 5.8 million are on the brink of starvation. Courtesy of AFP, Clarens Siffroy.
Black History1 month ago

Latest Massacre in Haiti Reveals Cruelty U.S. Deportations

Nolan Wells. File photo.
Black History1 month ago

OPINION: Nolan Wells’ Death One of Several Signifying Racial Terror Lives on in U.S. South

Court-appointed administrator Philip Campbell outside Zendayi’s home on Randolph Avenue in Oakland. Photo by Tanya Dennis.
Lead Story3 weeks ago

Zakiya Jendayi Arrested, Locked Out of Home by Sheriff’s Deputies

The first cohort of BLACspace participants with awards in August. Courtesy photo.
Art4 weeks ago

BLACspace Cooperative Invites Bay Area to Experience Oakland’s Black Cultural Ecosystem Through a BLAC Map Tour + Party

Long Beach resident Cassandra Carter approached the birth of her daughter, Nyomi (pictured), last November with anxiety after losing twins. She is pictured here with her husband.
Black History4 weeks ago

Doulas Are Helping Black California Moms Navigate Pregnancy–Even as High Mortality Rates Persist

Activism1 month ago

Oakland Post: Week of September 16 – 22, 2026

Demonstrators protest against arms shipments to Israel from Oakland International Airport. Photo courtesy of Palestinian Youth Movement.
Uncategorized1 month ago

Oakland People’s Arms Embargo Coalition Demands End to Military Shipments Thru Oakland

(L-R) Sylvia Williams, Mike Hutchinson, Kathryn Camp
Community1 month ago

Democratic Clubs Interview Candidates for Oakland School Board

Trending

Copyright ©2021 Post News Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved.