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The Race and Identity Profiling Advisory Board Releases Statewide Police Stop Data

The California Department of Justice’s Race and Identity Profiling Advisory (RIPA) Board published its seventh annual report this week. This report analyzes millions of vehicle and pedestrian stops conducted in 2022 by 560 law enforcement agencies in the state. Established in 2016 as a result of Assembly Bill (AB) 953 written by former Assemblymember Shirley Weber (D-San Diego), RIPA aims to eliminate racial and identity profiling and foster diversity and racial and identity sensitivity within law enforcement.

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The California Race and Identity Profiling Advisory Board released a report on 2022 police stop data to observe the disparity of racial profiling amongst law enforcement.
The California Race and Identity Profiling Advisory Board released a report on 2022 police stop data to observe the disparity of racial profiling amongst law enforcement.

By Magaly Muñoz

The California Department of Justice’s Race and Identity Profiling Advisory (RIPA) Board published its seventh annual report this week. This report analyzes millions of vehicle and pedestrian stops conducted in 2022 by 560 law enforcement agencies in the state.

Established in 2016 as a result of Assembly Bill (AB) 953 written by former Assemblymember Shirley Weber (D-San Diego), RIPA aims to eliminate racial and identity profiling and foster diversity and racial and identity sensitivity within law enforcement.

The 223-page report features the board’s view of pretextual stops where the stops result in resisting arrest charges, looks at the impact police unions have on law enforcement accountability and protocols for law enforcement training on racial and identity profiling, and examines youth interactions with police both in and out of schools.

According to the report, Black individuals were stopped by police 132% more frequently than expected, based on a comparison of stop data and residential population. Black individuals made up 12.5% of stopped people, with Hispanic/Latino making up about 43% and white making up 32.5% of people.

The most frequently cited reasons for stops across all race and ethnic groups were traffic violations and reasonable suspicion that the person was engaged in criminal activity.

Under the new law AB 2773, law enforcement officers are required to state the reason for a traffic stop or pedestrian interaction before asking any other questions. The only exception is when there’s an imminent threat to life or property. This change, which took effect on Jan. 1, 2024, aims to reduce pretextual stops and de-escalate police-civilian interactions, according to Assemblymember Chris Holden (D-Pasadena), the bill’s author.

The RIPA report also made several recommendations to agencies, district attorney’s and the legislature including developing policies that require officers to notify supervisors prior to making an arrest for resisting arrest and have supervisors review any case where resisting arrest is alleged in a report; develop policies requiring district attorneys to review body-worn camera footage in any case that involves a resisting arrest allegation prior to filing charges; adopt internal policies that prohibit arrest and filing of charges against individuals if the alleged resisting stems from a disability.

In a statement released Wednesday, Attorney General Rob Bonta commented on the guidance that RIPA has given to the state that has allowed for transparency and critical steps to repair the public trust.

“The annual collection of the RIPA stop data is making California communities safer by directing thoughtful and reflective reform,” said Bonta.

But not everyone is in agreement that the data presented by RIPA is accurate or informative.

The Peace Officers Research Association of California (PORAC), an organization that represents 80,000 public safety members and over 950 associations, said the report “does not capture enough information for the Board to even satisfy California’s own legal standard for determining racial profiling.”

PORAC enlisted the help of Texas State University professor Dr. Brian Withrow to examine the data from the report which he found “inadequate in many ways.”

“The best data sets are those that recognize the complexities associated with an issue and provide robust qualitative information. However, the data the RIPA Board collects and analyzes — despite the breadth of its reach — is woefully inadequate as a measure of potential racial profiling in routine operations,” Withrow said in a statement.

The organization held a forum on Thursday morning to discuss the counter-report of the analysis of RIPA’s data report.

At the forum, Withrow argued that the data collected made it impossible to assess racial profiling because officers were not asked about the perceived race of drivers before the stop, only after. He also pointed out that the data does not capture context of police stops and officer actions, uses inaccurate population benchmarks because demographics of an area’s driving population are different than the overall population, does not accurately attribute the cause for a search, and does not differentiate between officer-initiated contacts and calls for service.

Withrow recommended that other factors such as age, gender, and context of the communities where officers are assigned should all be taken into consideration along with race. He proposed that members of the RIPA Board sit down with police officers one-on-one to better understand why they might make a stop and how they proceed once they do.

Magaly Muñoz

Magaly Muñoz

A graduate of Sacramento State University, Magaly Muñoz’s journalism experience includes working for the State Hornet, the university’s student-run newspaper and conducting research and producing projects for “All Things Considered” at National Public Radio. She also was a community reporter for El Timpano, serving Latino and Mayan communities, and contributed to the Sacramento Observer, the area’s African American newspaper.

Muñoz is one of 40 early career journalists who are part of the California Local News Fellowship program, a state-funded initiative designed to strengthen local news reporting in California, with a focus on underserved communities.

The fellowship program places journalism fellows throughout the state in two-year, full-time reporting positions.

A graduate of Sacramento State University, Magaly Muñoz’s journalism experience includes working for the State Hornet, the university’s student-run newspaper and conducting research and producing projects for “All Things Considered” at National Public Radio. She also was a community reporter for El Timpano, serving Latino and Mayan communities, and contributed to the Sacramento Observer, the area’s African American newspaper. Muñoz is one of 40 early career journalists who are part of the California Local News Fellowship program, a state-funded initiative designed to strengthen local news reporting in California, with a focus on underserved communities. The fellowship program places journalism fellows throughout the state in two-year, full-time reporting positions.

Activism

Oakland School Board Grapples with Potential $100 Million Shortfall Next Year

The school board approved Superintendent Denise Saddler’s plan for major cuts to schools and the district office, but they are still trying to avoid outside pressure to close flatland schools.

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OUSD Supt. Denise Saddler. File photo.
OUSD Supt. Denise Saddler. File photo.

By Post Staff

The Oakland Board of Education is continuing to grapple with a massive $100 million shortfall next year, which represents about 20% of the district’s general fund budget.

The school board approved Superintendent Denise Saddler’s plan for major cuts to schools and the district office, but they are still trying to avoid outside pressure to close flatland schools.

Without cuts, OUSD is under threat of being taken over by the state. The district only emerged from state receivership in July after 22 years.

“We want to make sure the cuts are away from the kids,” said Kampala Taiz-Rancifer, president of the Oakland Education Association, the teachers’ union. “There are too many things that are important and critical to instruction, to protecting our most vulnerable kids, to safety.”

The school district has been considering different scenarios for budget cuts proposed by the superintendent, including athletics, libraries, clubs, teacher programs, and school security.

The plan approved at Wednesday’s board meeting, which is not yet finalized, is estimated to save around $103 million.

Staff is now looking at decreasing central office staff and cutting extra-curricular budgets, such as for sports and library services. It will also review contracts for outside consultants, limiting classroom supplies and examine the possibility of school closures, which is a popular proposal among state and county officials and privatizers though after decades of Oakland school closures, has been shown to save little if any money.

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Activism

Mayor Lee, City Leaders Announce $334 Million Bond Sale for Affordable Housing, Roads, Park Renovations, Libraries and Senior Centers

Saying “Oakland is on the move,” Mayor Barbara Lee announces results of Measure U bond sale, Dec. 9, at Oakland City Hall with city councilmembers and city staff among those present. Photo courtesy of the City of Oakland.

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Saying “Oakland is on the move,” Mayor Barbara Lee announces results of Measure U bond sale, Dec. 9, at Oakland City Hall with city councilmembers and city staff among those present. Photo courtesy of the City of Oakland.
Saying “Oakland is on the move,” Mayor Barbara Lee announces results of Measure U bond sale, Dec. 9, at Oakland City Hall with city councilmembers and city staff among those present. Photo courtesy of the City of Oakland.

By Post Staff

The City of Oakland announced this week that it is successfully moving forward on the sale of $334 million of General Obligation bonds, a milestone that will provide the city with capital funding for city departments to deliver paved roads, restored public facilities, and investments in affordable housing.

“Oakland is on the move and building momentum with this bond sale,” said Oakland Mayor Barbara Lee. “We are reviving access to funding for paving our streets, restoring public facilities we all use and depend upon, and investing in affordable housing for our community, all while maintaining transparency and fiscal discipline.”

“These bonds represent our city’s continued commitment to sound financial management and responsible investment in Oakland’s future,” said Lee.

“Together, we are strengthening our foundation for generations to come,” she said. “I’m grateful to our partners in the City Council for their leadership and support, and to City Administrator Jestin Johnson for driving this process and ensuring we brought it home.”

According to the city, $285 million of the bonds will support new projects and $49 million of the bonds will refund existing bonds for debt service savings.

Oakland issued the Measure U bonds on Dec. 4 after two years of delays over concerns about the city’s financial outlook. They all sold in less than a week.

The new money bonds will pay for affordable housing, roadway safety and infrastructure improvements, and renovations to parks, libraries, senior centers, and other public facilities under the city’s Measure U Authorization.

Citywide paving and streetscape projects will create safer streets for Oaklanders. Additionally, critical facilities like the East Oakland Senior Center and San Antonio Park will receive much-needed renovations, according to the city.

Some of the projects:

  • $50.5 million – Citywide Street Resurfacing
  • $13 million – Complete Streets Capital Program
  • $9.5 million – Curb Ramps Program
  • $30 million – Acquisition & Preservation of Existing Affordable Housing
  • $33 million – District 3: Mandela Transit-Oriented Development
  • $28 million – District 6: Liberation Park Development
  • $3 million – District 5: Brookdale Recreation Center Capital Project
  • $1.5 million – District 1: Oakland Tool Lending Library (Temescal Branch Library)
  • $10 million – District 3: Oakland Ice Center

“I recognize that many naysayers said we couldn’t do it,” said Johnson. “Well, you know what? We’re here now. And we’re going to be here next year and the year after. The fact is we’re getting our fiscal house in order. We said we were going to do it — and we’re doing it.”

Investors placed $638 million in orders for the $334 million of bonds offered by the City. There was broad investor demand with 26 separate investment firms placing orders.  The oversubscription ultimately allowed the city to lower the final interest rates offered to investors and reduce the city’s borrowing cost.

“The oversubscription ultimately allowed the City to lower the final interest rates offered to investors and reduce the City’s borrowing cost,” said Sean Maher, the city’s communications director.

“The Oakland City Council worked closely with the administration to both advance the bond issuance process and ensure that the community had a clear understanding of the City’s timeline and approach,” said Councilmember at-Large Rowena Brown.

“In September, the City Council took unanimous action to authorize the Administration to move forward with the bond sale because these funds are essential to delivering the very improvements our communities have long asked for – safer streets, restored public facilities, and expanded affordable housing,” she said.

Continuing, Brown said, “I want to extend my sincere thanks to City Administrator Jestin Johnson, Finance Director Bradley Johnson, and Mayor Barbara Lee for their leadership, diligence, and steady guidance throughout the City’s bond sale efforts.

“Navigating complex market conditions while keeping Oakland’s long-term infrastructure needs front and center is no small task, and this moment reflects tremendous professionalism and persistence,” she said.

Moody’s gave the city an AA2 rating on the bonds, its third-highest rating, which it gives to high-quality investment-grade securities.

There was both a tax-exempt portion and a taxable portion for the bond offering, reflecting the various uses of the bond proceeds, according to a statement released by the city.

The $143.5 million of tax-exempt bonds have a 30-year final maturity and received an all-in borrowing cost of 3.99%.  The $191 million of taxable bonds have a 24-year final maturity and received an all-in borrowing cost of 5.55%.

The $49 million in tax-exempt bonds that refinance existing obligations of the City resulted in $5.6 million of debt service savings for taxpayers through 2039, or $4.7 million on a present value basis.

Mayor Lee said that, based on her experience serving on the House Financial Services Committee of the U.S. Congress for more than 10 years, city staff has done an exemplary job.

“I have witnessed many cities go to the bond market throughout the years,” she said. “I can tell you with certainty that Oakland’s team is remarkable, and our residents should be proud of their reputation, their competence, and their deep knowledge of this very sophisticated market.”

Looking ahead to the final sale of the bonds, according to the city press statement, pricing marks the point at which the City and investors locked in the final dollar amounts, interest rates, and other key terms of the bond sale. This stage is commonly referred to as the sale date. At pricing, no funds are exchanged. The actual delivery of bonds and receipt of monies occurs at closing, which is scheduled within the next two weeks.

Capital projects receiving this funding will proceed on individual timelines based on their individual conditions and needs. At the time of closing, funding will be immediately available to those projects.

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Bay Area

Post Salon to Discuss Proposal to Bring Costco to Oakland Community meeting to be held at City Hall, Thursday, Dec. 18

The proposed resolution would give authority to the City Administrator to negotiate terms for an exclusive negotiating agreement (ENA) with Deca Companies and Costco Wholesale Corporation to pursue a potential Costco development at 2008 Wake Ave. in the North Gateway Development Area of the former Oakland Army Base, adjacent to the Port of Oakland.

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Costco. Courtesy image.
Costco. Courtesy image.

By Post Staff

The Oakland Post Salon will host a community meeting with District 3 City Councilmember Carroll Fife and city staff to discuss a proposal for building a Costco in Oakland.

The public meeting will be held Thursday, Dec. 18, from 6 p.m.-7:30 p.m. in City Council Chambers, Oakland City Hall, 3rd Floor at 1 Frank H. Ogawa Plaza in Oakland.

At the meeting, residents will have the opportunity to:

  • Hear about a proposed resolution from Fife for Costco in Oakland
  • Find out details from the City Administrator and Oakland’s Real Estate Division
  • Ask questions, share ideas about benefits residents are looking for
  • Make sure decision-makers know what residents need.

The proposed resolution would give authority to the City Administrator to negotiate terms for an exclusive negotiating agreement (ENA) with Deca Companies and Costco Wholesale Corporation to pursue a potential Costco development at 2008 Wake Ave. in the North Gateway Development Area of the former Oakland Army Base, adjacent to the Port of Oakland.

“As the D3 Council representative, my primary objective is to improve the lives of my constituents, who have endured generations of disinvestment and neglect,” said Fife. “For too long, our West Oakland community has lacked access to essential services, often forcing residents to leave Oakland to find quality options – including groceries. Our families deserve access to affordable groceries, and we want to keep those dollars and tax revenues within our city. This proposed ENA is an important step toward bringing a world-class retailer to Oakland and creating hundreds of good-paying jobs right here in District 3.”

Deca Companies, a San Francisco-based real estate investment and development firm, is leading the development project. Deca has extensive experience with major projects across California, including the redevelopment of the Phillips 66 Refinery in Southern California, large mixed-use California projects in Perris, Bakersfield, and Mead Valley; along with electric vehicle charging lots and industrial projects across the Bay Area and Southern California.

“We’re thrilled to be working with Councilmember Fife to bring a major grocery retailer to West Oakland,” said Travis Duncan, vice president of Deca Companies. “This project sends a clear message: Oakland is open for business. We’re proud to be part of the team working to help alleviate the food desert and bring affordable, high-quality groceries that can serve folks in Oakland and people from across the East Bay.”

Tony Beatty, longtime broker for Costco in the Bay Area noted, “While I cannot comment on the specifics of potential opportunities that are currently being evaluated, existing Costco locations in the Bay Area perform very well, and we have been looking at potential expansion opportunities where they can best serve their members.”

If approved by the full City Council, the City Administrator would be authorized to negotiate terms for an exclusive negotiating agreement with Deca Companies and Costco Wholesale Corporation, a critical first step. If negotiations are fruitful, the resulting ENA would come before the City Council for approval.

In the interim, community outreach and engagement will continue to ensure residents are included in the decision-making process in a meaningful way, according to a statement from Fife’s office.

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