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In the Classroom: How Educators are Teaching Thanksgiving Lessons to the Next Generation

THE AFRO — In real life, the situation was anything but a celebration. According to Holocaust Museum Houston, “when European settlers arrived in the Americas, historians estimate there were over 10 million Native Americans living there. By 1900, their estimated population was under 300,000. Native Americans were subjected to many different forms of violence, all with the intention of destroying the community.”

Published

1 year ago

November 29, 2024

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By DaQuan Lawrence | AFRO International Writer
DLawrence@afro.com

On Nov. 28 the Thanksgiving holiday will arrive, complete with family gatherings, community events and opportunities to give back and be grateful. While conversations about the origin of Thanksgiving and the purpose of the holiday remain suspended between myth and fact-based reality, educators in the state of Maryland grapple each year with how the holiday is addressed in the educational setting.

According to Brittanica, “Thanksgiving is modeled on a 1621 harvest feast shared by the English colonists (Pilgrims) of Plymouth and the Wampanoag people.”

While millions of American citizens use the holiday as the opener to a season of gratitude, for others the holiday is overshadowed by the death and destruction experienced by Native Americans at the hands of Europeans as colonization spread.

According to Dr. Kelli Mosteller, who serves as Citizen Potawatomi Nation’s Cultural Heritage Center director, the holiday “disregards against Native Americans and chooses to take…one tiny snapshot.”

“The world of social media puts pretty filters on it so that it doesn’t look the way it truly did,” she said, in a statement.

In real life, the situation was anything but a celebration. According to Holocaust Museum Houston, “when European settlers arrived in the Americas, historians estimate there were over 10 million Native Americans living there. By 1900, their estimated population was under 300,000. Native Americans were subjected to many different forms of violence, all with the intention of destroying the community.”

Information released by the museum states that “in the late 1800s, blankets from smallpox patients were distributed to Native Americans in order to spread disease. There were several wars, and violence was encouraged; for example, European settlers were paid for each Penobscot person they killed.”

Then came more atrocities.

According to the museum, “In the 19th century, 4,000 Cherokee people died on the Trail of Tears, a forced march from the southern U.S. to Oklahoma.”

The Citizen Potawatomi Nation is the federally recognized government of the Indigenous population and represents over 38,000 tribal members.

Some members of society believe the factual history behind the holiday provides ample reasons for citizens to not celebrate what is billed to the American public as a time to be thankful. To many Native Americans, the holiday ignores over 400 years of mayhem against Indigenous people and maintains the bloody colonialism system responsible for millions of lives lost.

Erica Frank, a social studies teacher specialist in Maryland, expressed concern over the topic of Thanksgiving and highlighted the significance of educational approaches to engage students.

“As a historian and curriculum writer, I struggle with how the narrative of Thanksgiving is relayed,” Frank said. “Like many American historical events, I struggle with the fact that from a young age we condition our students to be compassionate of individuals who created harm towards other cultures that still have reverberating impacts on society today.”

Frank was born and raised in Anne Arundel County, Md. and is currently in her 11th year of education. She remembers learning about the holiday during her own formative years.

“Unfortunately, my experience with Thanksgiving in grade school was more of a teaching in nostalgic American history–rather than accurate American history,” Frank told the AFRO.

“My grade level holiday themed lessons revolved around making turkey and pilgrim crafts to celebrate the coming together of two cultures during one meal. I was not taught about the Wampanoag tribe or the negative impact of Pilgrims– really, colonists– on Native Americans during this time period,” Frank said. “I appreciate that there are a growing number of resources available which discuss the varied perspectives. I have seen growth on the secondary level of both teachers and students asking the right questions about this day and other similar topics.”

Though the origins of the holiday go back to Plymouth, Mass., 1621, President Abraham Lincoln formally established Thanksgiving as a holiday in the U.S. over 200 years later in November 1863 during the Civil War. The holiday was created as a social mechanism to develop improved relations among northern states, southern states and tribal nations.

Unbeknownst to many Americans, is the fact that during the previous year, President Lincoln ordered 38 Dakota tribal members to die from hanging after corrupt federal agents prevented the Dakota-Sioux from receiving food and provisions. Members of the tribe retaliated while enduring starvation, causing the Dakota War of 1862.

Lincoln ultimately believed that Thanksgiving created an opportunity to reduce Indigenous populations’ negative sentiments and to restore their relationship with the federal government.

But the loyalty to the holiday runs deep- especially in the classroom, where Thanksgiving is formally introduced during the elementary school years, amid a student’s formative development period.

“I remember as far back as kindergarten, when teachers had us play the roles of pilgrims and Native Americans,” said Erica Sellman, an English Language Arts department chair at a middle school in Anne Arundel County. “They separated the class, and the Pilgrim group created a ship while the Native American group created beautiful head pieces from feathers. I recall being upset because I wanted to make a head piece, but I was not in that group.”

Voter registration for young Black women in 13 key states is on the rise, with 175 percent more engagement when compared with 2020 — nearly triple the rate. The surge highlights long standing political engagement within this demographic. (Photo courtesy of Word In Black)

The decision of whether to discuss the history of the Thanksgiving holiday in an in-depth manner is largely a matter of an educator’s discretion and dependent upon the educator’s experience and comfortability by addressing the subject with young learners.

“History should be a part of instruction– however, all educators cannot teach sensitive topics without biases,” Sellman said. “It is hard for some educators regardless of ethnicity to discuss some of the context behind historical events, but it can be done, and it should be done.”

Rutgers University’s Graduate School of Education provides resources for educators who are interested in teaching about the Thanksgiving holiday in a culturally responsive manner. Their guide, titled “Teaching Thanksgiving the Culturally Responsive Way,” notes how teachers need to start by deconstructing myths surrounding the holiday.

Experts from Rutgers say myths such as “the arrival of The Mayflower was the introduction between the Pilgrims and Native Americans,” need to be addressed, explored and corrected.

“Europeans had already initiated contact with the Wampanoag tribe through violent slave raiding. When The Mayflower arrived, there were at least two Wampanoag tribe members that spoke English, due to traveling to Europe and back,” states information from Rutgers University’s guide.

The university explains how the myth of “the Wampanoag tribe wanted to help the Pilgrims” is also wrong because “Wampanoag leader Ousamequin chose to welcome the Pilgrims as a strategy. At the time, his tribe was weak and had lower numbers due to coming in contact with disease. He thought an alliance would help strengthen the tribe and protect against rivals.”

Even the Thanksgiving dinner between the Pilgrims and the Native Americans is steeped in incorrect information, according to the university.

“Annual harvests are a tradition in Native American communities, and the Wampanoag’s annual harvest is what the Pilgrims experienced. In reality, a loose version of Thanksgiving was established in 1637 by Massachusetts Bay Governor William Bradford,” report historians from Rutgers. “Instead of commemorating a shared feast, the observance celebrated the Anglo-Pequot War, where armed soldiers surrounded the Pequot village and set it on fire, shooting anyone who tried to escape. During the two-year war, 700 Pequot people were killed or enslaved, with the tribe eventually being eliminated.”

The guide encourages culturally responsive teaching when it comes to the sensitive topic of Thanksgiving in the classroom.

In 2020, the National Education Association took note of Native educators who declared that lessons on the subject and holiday can be both accurate, respectful and interesting to learn about with an element of commemoration.

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LIHEAP Funds Released After Weeks of Delay as States and the District Rush to Protect Households from the Cold

BLACKPRESSUSA NEWSWIRE — The federal government has released $3.6 billion in home heating assistance after a delay that left states preparing for the start of winter without the program’s annual funding.

Published

2 weeks ago

December 1, 2025

Stacy M. Brown

By Stacy M. Brown
Black Press USA Senior National Correspondent

The federal government has released $3.6 billion in home heating assistance after a delay that left states preparing for the start of winter without the program’s annual funding. The Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program, known as LIHEAP, helps eligible households pay heating and cooling bills. The release follows a shutdown that stretched 43 days and pushed agencies across the country to warn families of possible disruptions.

State officials in Minnesota, Kansas, New York, and Pennsylvania had already issued alerts that the delay could slow the processing of applications or force families to wait until December for help. In Pennsylvania, more than 300,000 households depend on the program each year. Minnesota officials noted that older adults, young children, and people with disabilities face the highest risk as temperatures fall.

The delay also raised concerns among advocates who track household debt tied to rising utility costs. National Energy Assistance Directors Association Executive Director Mark Wolfe said the funds were “essential and long overdue” and added that high arrearages and increased energy prices have strained families seeking help.

Some states faced additional pressure when other services were affected by the shutdown. According to data reviewed by national energy advocates, roughly 68 percent of LIHEAP households also receive nutrition assistance, and the freeze in multiple programs increased the financial burden on low-income residents. Wolfe said families were placed in “an even more precarious situation than usual” as the shutdown stretched into November.

In Maryland, lawmakers urged the Trump administration to release funds after the state recorded its first cold-related death of the season. The Maryland Department of Health reported that a man in his 30s was found outdoors in Frederick County when temperatures dropped. Last winter, the state documented 75 cold-related deaths, the highest number in five years. Rep Kweisi Mfume joined more than 100 House members calling for immediate federal action and said LIHEAP “is not a luxury” for the 100,000 Maryland households that rely on it. He added that seniors and veterans would be placed at risk if the program remained stalled.

Maryland Gov. Wes Moore used $10.1 million in state funds to keep benefits moving, but noted that states cannot routinely replace federal dollars. His administration said families that rely on medical equipment requiring electricity are particularly vulnerable.

The District of Columbia has already mapped out its FY26 LIHEAP structure in documents filed with the federal government. The District’s plan shows that heating assistance, cooling assistance, weatherization, and year-round crisis assistance operate from October 1 through September 30. The District allocates 50 percent of its LIHEAP funds to heating assistance, 10 percent to cooling, 13 percent to year-round crisis assistance, 15 percent to weatherization, and 10 percent to administrative costs. Two percent is used for services that help residents reduce energy needs, including education on reading utility bills and identifying energy waste.

The District’s plan lists a minimum LIHEAP benefit of $200 and a maximum of $1,800 for both heating and cooling assistance. Crisis benefits are provided separately and may reach up to $500 when needed to resolve an emergency. The plan states that a household is considered in crisis if it has been disconnected from energy service, if heating oil is at 5 percent or less of capacity, or if the household has at least $200 owed after the regular benefit is applied.

The District’s filing notes that LIHEAP staff conduct outreach through community meetings, senior housing sites, Advisory Neighborhood Commissions, social media, posters, and mass mailings. The plan confirms that LIHEAP applicants can apply in person, by mail, by email, or through a mobile-friendly online application and that physically disabled residents may request in-home visits.

As agencies nationwide begin distributing the newly released funds, states continue working through large volumes of applications. Wolfe said LIHEAP administrators “have been notified that the award letters have gone out and the states can begin to draw down the funds.”

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Seven Steps to Help Your Child Build Meaningful Connections

BLACKPRESSUSA NEWSWIRE — Swinging side by side with a friend on the playground. Sharing chalk over bright, colorful sidewalk drawings. Hiding behind a tree during a spirited game of hide-and-seek. These simple moments between children may seem small, but they matter more than we think

Published

2 weeks ago

December 1, 2025

Oakland Post

By Niyoka McCoy, Ed.D., Chief Learning Officer, Stride/K12

Swinging side by side with a friend on the playground. Sharing chalk over bright, colorful sidewalk drawings. Hiding behind a tree during a spirited game of hide-and-seek. These simple moments between children may seem small, but they matter more than we think: They lay the foundation for some of life’s most important skills.

Through everyday play, young children begin learning essential social and emotional skills like sharing, resolving conflicts, showing empathy, and managing their emotions. These social skills help shape emotional growth and set kids up for long-term success. Socialization in early childhood isn’t just a “nice-to-have”—it’s essential for development.

Yet today, many young children who haven’t yet started school aren’t getting enough consistent, meaningful interaction with peers. Research shows that there’s a decline in active free play and peer socialization when compared to previous generations.

There are many reasons for this. Children who are home with a parent during the day may spend most of their time with adults, limiting opportunities for peer play. Those in daycare or preschool may have restricted free play, and large classrooms can reduce supervision and social coaching. Some children live in rural areas, are homebound due to illness, have full schedules, or rely on screens to fill their playtime. And for some families, finding other families with young children to connect with isn’t easy.

While these challenges can feel significant, opportunities for connection still exist in every community. Families can take simple steps to help children build friendships, create a sense of belonging, and strengthen social skills. Here are some ideas to get started:

Storytime sessions at libraries or local bookstores
Community offerings such as parent-child workshops, art, music, gymnastics, swimming, or sports programs
Weekly events at children’s museums, which may include art projects, music workshops, or science experiments
Outdoor exploration, where kids can play with peers
Local parenting groups that organize playdates and group activities
Volunteer opportunities where children can participate, such as pet adoption events or packing meals at a food bank
Classes for kids at local businesses, including hardware, grocery, or craft stores

Some of these community activities are free or low-cost and give kids the chance to build friendships and practice social skills. Parents can also model positive social behavior by interacting with other parents and encouraging their children to play with their peers.

These may seem like small moments of connection, but they can have a powerful impact. Every time your child shares a toy, plays make-believe with peers, or races a friend down the slide, they’re not just playing—they’re learning the skills that build confidence, empathy, and lasting friendships. And it’s good for you, too. Creating intentional opportunities for play also helps you strengthen your own network of parents who can support one another as your children grow together.

Oakland Post

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Seven Steps to Help Your Child Build Meaningful Connections

Published

2 weeks ago

December 1, 2025

Oakland Post

By Niyoka McCoy, Ed.D., Chief Learning Officer, Stride/K12

Storytime sessions at libraries or local bookstores
Community offerings such as parent-child workshops, art, music, gymnastics, swimming, or sports programs
Weekly events at children’s museums, which may include art projects, music workshops, or science experiments
Outdoor exploration, where kids can play with peers
Local parenting groups that organize playdates and group activities
Volunteer opportunities where children can participate, such as pet adoption events or packing meals at a food bank
Classes for kids at local businesses, including hardware, grocery, or craft stores