Reading the Nation at 250: Who Is Missing from the Story?
AFRO-AMERICAN – WASHINGTON — As America approaches its 250th anniversary of independence, a federal reading initiative designed to honor this milestone has omitted Black women authors from its curated library.
As America prepares to celebrate 250 years of independence, a federal reading initiative reveals a glaring truth: the nation is still telling its story without Black women.
Anniversaries like America’s 250th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence reveal not only what is celebrated, but what is omitted and whose stories are positioned as central to the national memory. For example, out of the 24 titles included in the National Endowment for the Arts’ Big Read 2026-2027 Honoring America250 library, none are written by Black women.
The breakdown: 14 by white men, five by white women, three by Black men, one by a Native American woman, one by a Latina woman, and ZERO by Black women.
The absence of Black women authors spans genres — nonfiction, fiction, and poetry — excluding voices that have been foundational to American literature, American history, and American evolution. When Black women’s voices are missing from a high-profile national initiative, particularly at a moment of official commemoration, it reinforces a long-standing imbalance in how American literature is framed, funded, and circulated.
Shaping the Stories America Tells
For the 2026–27 grant cycle, NEA, through a partnership with Midwest, will award more than $1 million in project grants, ranging from $5,000 to $20,000, to organizations across the country. These grants support community-wide reading programs built around a single book selected from a curated library of 24 titles, all connected to the theme America250.
According to NEA, this cycle is designed to honor America’s rich artistic and cultural heritage, elevate a wide variety of voices and perspectives, inspire meaningful conversations, and strengthen community connections through shared reading. Grantees are encouraged to design expansive programming such as book discussions, lectures, writing workshops, panel conversations, performances, film screenings, poetry readings and community storytelling events, all using the selected book as a foundation for civic engagement and creative exploration.
It is a powerful model. Books, after all, remain among our most enduring civic tools. Yet the current offering reveals a clear and consequential gap. The omission is not symbolic. It’s structural — entrenched in the American spine that supports mythologies that are resolute, resistant to diverse stories and perspectives.
Black Women Writers and the National Canon
Consider how even this limited list of notable works from Black women broadens the reflective lens and adds to the national discussion:
“Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral” (1773)
By Phillis Wheatley
One of the earliest published American poets, Wheatley directly engages the nation’s founding era. Her work challenges long-held assumptions about who has been allowed to speak and be heard within the American literary tradition.
“Their Eyes Were Watching God” (1937)
By Zora Neale Hurston
Rooted in Black Southern life and folklore, Hurston’s novel remains one of the most widely taught and beloved works in the American canon, celebrating voice, self-definition and interior freedom.
“Annie Allen” (1949)
By Gwendolyn Brooks
Brooks’ Pulitzer Prize–winning collection captures everyday American life with precision and empathy, bridging personal experience and social reality in ways that continue to connect generations and communities.
“I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings” (1969)
By Maya Angelou
A groundbreaking memoir that chronicles Angelou’s early life in the Jim Crow South and the power of language, resilience and self-definition. A foundational American text, it invites community-wide conversations about race, gender, trauma and the redemptive force of storytelling.
“Beloved” (1987)
By Toni Morrison
One of the most significant novels in American literature, Beloved confronts the legacy of slavery with unmatched depth and care, inviting sustained conversations about memory, trauma, love and liberation.
“Blessing the Boats” (2000)
By Lucille CliftonCredit: Courtesy photo
Clifton’s poetry offers language that is precise, intimate, and resonant—particularly well suited for communal reading, reflection and performance. The book won the 2000 National Book Award for Poetry.
“The Hemingses of Monticello” (2008)
By Annette Gordon-ReedCredit: Courtesy photo
A Pulitzer Prize–winning reexamination of America’s founding myths, Gordon-Reed’s scholarship models historical rigor, ethical storytelling and intellectual courage, revealing the intertwined histories of race, power and democracy.
“The Warmth of Other Suns” (2010)
By Isabel Wilkerson
A landmark narrative of the Great Migration, Wilkerson’s book, a National Book Critics Circle award–winning work, reframes 20th-century American history through the intimate lives of those who moved in search of opportunity and freedom. It invites intergenerational dialogue and deep community reflection.
“The New Jim Crow” (2010)
By Michelle AlexanderCredit: Courtesy photo
Winner of an NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work (Nonfiction), Alexander’s book exposes mass incarceration as a contemporary system of racial caste. Few books have so profoundly shaped public understanding of the U.S. criminal legal system, inspiring reading groups, policy debates, and grassroots education efforts nationwide.
“South to America: A Journey Below the Mason-Dixon to Understand the Soul of a Nation” (2022)
By Imani PerryCredit: Courtesy photo
Winner of the National Book Award for Nonfiction, “South to America” explores race, memory, migration, and belonging, revealing how the South continues to shape the nation’s cultural and political life. It is well-suited for community-wide reading and interdisciplinary programming.
Rewriting the reading list is rewriting the national memory
We have the power to expand the lens and shape conversation. Who is on your reading list? Whose stories help you understand this country more fully? What books will you recommend to your community?
Our reading list is still being curated. Stories are still being told. Truths are still being revealed. Where do you fit into this vast American story in the past 250 years? The joy, the pain, the growth, the stagnancy, the exquisite humanity and the complete lack of civility. You will find the answer in the poetry and prose of many voices. Make sure you include those who refused to be silent so we all can be free.
“They ask me to remember/but they want me to remember/their memories/ and I keep on remembering mine” ― Lucille Clifton
Practitioners of African Traditional Spirituality Offer Ancestral Reverence Ritual Oct. 31
The Council for Global Ancestral Reverence will host “Ancestral Souls Rising” from Oct. 31 to Nov. 2, featuring a three-day gathering of prayer and discussion. Led by elders and priests across the African diaspora, the seventh annual ritual honors those lost without traditional rites while addressing current social challenges. This year’s event connects ancestral wisdom with contemporary issues, including a two-day conversation inspired by Afro-Beat music focused on Black community solidarity and the sacred importance of voting. Read more for details on the ritual schedule and participants.
The Council for Global Ancestral Reverence (C4GAR), a group of elders who practice African traditional spirituality, will lead a three-day gathering of prayer and discussion from Oct. 31-Nov. 2.
Called ‘Ancestral Souls Rising,’ the council members and 21 priests will lead the prayers from many parts of the African diaspora: Africa, Portugal, and across the U.S. from Maryland to the Bay Area.
Now in its seventh year, the annual ritual began during the 2020 pandemic when hundreds of thousands of people died alone and were buried in mass graves without rites and rituals according to loved ones’ traditions.
This prayer event was and is intended to give peace to the departed and comfort for the living who still mourn. Each year, we gather names of new ancestors from living elders to elevate them into the “Great Hall of the Titans.”
In ensuing years, C4GAR added themes to the prayer gathering that referenced current events. In 2024, before the consequential presidential election, C4GAR called on people to vote, invoking the memory of Civil Rights Movement heroes and heroines like John Lewis, who urged “Good Trouble,” and Fannie Lou Hamer, who famously declared that she was “sick and tired of being sick and tired.”
The day of global Prayer on Oct. 31 will be followed by a two-day conversation inspired by “The Blueprint,” an Afro-Beat song by UyiosaEl, to write our new blueprint that supports solidarity and action in the Black community.
“Our elders have, for many generations, known the power of prayer, ritual and breath,” the council said in a statement.
It was and is their intention, then, to use the cultural wisdom, the gift of prayer “and the most sacred thing we have, our breath, to send energy into the world that invokes and honors our ancestors,” the council statement continued.
“Doing this creates a vibration that protects us and employs their ancient wisdom for the well-being of our communities,” the elders said.
The councilmembers, all over the age of 60, recognize that what is now history for so many was once their lived experience. And that history, those joys and sorrows, are now in their bodies.
To them, the uttered prayer and the sacred breath are oaths to an unfolding future that people can still shape.
The council members are Dr. Iyabeji Cathy Royal, Iyalocha Jennifer Dillard, Manbo Charlene Desir (Florida), Nana Sula Spirit (Louisiana), Baba Obafemi Feyemi, Ohen Nedra T. Williams, and Iyalocha Wanda Ravernell-Stewart Emeritus (Oakland).
This year, they also encourage everyone within their reach to VOTE because it is not only a secular and political act, but a sacred one. Remember, the ancestors were denied that right and died for it.
BLACKPRESSUSA NEWSWIRE — I implore my fellow faith leaders to use these tools. Start now and use them with wisdom. We count on each and every one of you to make sure our communities help write the next chapter of this story. This rapid change is not as unfamiliar as it may sound. My first understanding of AI came from using a calculator for the first time in grade school. We did not call it AI, but it was a tool that helped me work through mathematical equations hours more efficiently.
For generations, the Black church has stood strong in our communities through every historical change this country has experienced. During the civil rights movement and in recent times, faith leaders have helped uplift Black sanctuaries to register voters, keep food pantries open for people in need, and sit with families in hospital rooms in their most desperate moments. When our people faced new trials, they could always look to our faith leaders and the church to lean in to help us be included in these transformative changes.
Artificial intelligence is the latest revolutionary change to impact our society, and much like other transformations before us, underserved communities often get left behind.
I was recently featured in a report entitled “Faith, Community & AI” and it found that people send ChatGPT more than 70 million messages a week about religion. Nearly 22 million involve studying sacred texts, and 16 million ask about religious practices and holy days. Our members make up part of those numbers. They bring questions of faith to these tools every day.
Pastors have noticed, and according to a September 2025 Lifeway Research survey of 1,003 Protestant pastors, 42 percent said they use or experiment with AI in ministry. I count myself among them.
I write my sermons by hand, through prayer and study. When I finish a draft, I ask ChatGPT this question: “Where might this sermon become unclear or difficult to follow for someone early in their walk of faith?” It shows me gaps in my preparation, like where I incorrectly assumed everyone would know the context of who the Pharisees were. Then, change comes from my own pen, not the robot. The tool helps me reach the person in the back pew while the message still comes from me.
If I could have my wish, our whole community would take a similar posture. We must use these tools, understand them, and most importantly be present to help shape them if we want to be included in the coming change.
I implore my fellow faith leaders to use these tools. Start now and use them with wisdom. We count on each and every one of you to make sure our communities help write the next chapter of this story. This rapid change is not as unfamiliar as it may sound. My first understanding of AI came from using a calculator for the first time in grade school. We did not call it AI, but it was a tool that helped me work through mathematical equations hours more efficiently.
It starts with training; there is no involvement without understanding. Free AI trainings have begun in our churches and community centers across the nation. Every faith leader should sign up and, when possible, encourage members of your congregations to join you. By learning how to use AI, we can better understand what it can do, make up our own minds about its impact, and have a say in how it shapes our communities.”
Next, we must be at the tables where the builders of these tools make decisions. Presence is the first step toward understanding, and that gap is only bridged through a coordinated effort. How can any tool serve a community well if that community is not part of the conversation? Our traditions, needs, and concerns must be accounted for, and Black faith leaders are already making that happen. OpenAI’s recent Faith report states plainly that AI should never become an arbiter of religious truth. I fully intend to hold the company to its word, and the most effective way I can do that is from inside.
I will close with this––we must diligently protect what only the church can give. A believer in Seoul, Korea quoted in the report warned, “if you pour every struggle into a private chat, your pastor and your friends may never learn you need help.” A chatbot will not sit with a grieving family or pray with you at two in the morning. As we adopt this technology, it is up to us to ensure it keeps people connected to each other and to their church.
Rev. Dr. Adolphus Lacey is senior pastor of Bethany Baptist Church in Brooklyn, New York.